文章的連貫性和緊湊感是高考書面表達(dá)的一個(gè)重要評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，滿分作文有個(gè)共性，就是有效地使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，為此，學(xué)會(huì)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞，是提升書面表達(dá)質(zhì)量的重要策略之一。

有的同學(xué)在作文中使用過(guò)多簡(jiǎn)單句，成了簡(jiǎn)單句堆砌；有的寫復(fù)雜句時(shí)，動(dòng)輒用so， and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但達(dá)不到豐富表達(dá)方式的目的，反而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)松散、呆板。為了避免這種現(xiàn)象，可以通過(guò)使用不同的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，不僅能夠豐富句型，而且還能夠把思想表達(dá)得更清楚，意義更連貫。

■ 金題解析

當(dāng)前不少文學(xué)作品被改編成電影。有人選擇看電影，有人則喜歡讀原著。請(qǐng)你以“Film or book, which do you prefer?”為題，按照下列要點(diǎn)寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文：

1. 看電影：省時(shí)、有趣、易懂

2. 讀原著：細(xì)節(jié)更多、語(yǔ)言優(yōu)美

3. 我的看法及理由

 【注意】

1. 詞數(shù)：100~120 文章題目和開(kāi)頭已給出（不計(jì)入詞數(shù)）。

2. 參考詞匯： original work 或 book in the original （原著）

Film or book, which do you prefer?

Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original.

【寫作指導(dǎo)】

這是一篇提綱式半開(kāi)放性作文。寫作時(shí)，我們既要注意漢語(yǔ)提示的要點(diǎn)，又要準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。因此，要分兩段寫出兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)，在最后一段寫出自己的觀點(diǎn)。高考書面表達(dá)新評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用上對(duì)同學(xué)們提出了更高的要求，即在考查短文語(yǔ)言表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確性的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)用詞的得體性、表達(dá)方式的多樣性及語(yǔ)言的連貫性。因此，在寫作時(shí)，我們一定要盡可能多使用高級(jí)詞匯和復(fù)雜句型，要恰當(dāng)使用連接詞、過(guò)渡詞，這樣的文章才能出采，才能得高分。

【參考范文】

Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.

Some others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful.

Personally, I agree with the second view. Actually I have more reasons for it. I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and what’s more, I am able to better understand the author’s ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.

 【精彩點(diǎn)擊】

寫作要求我們就選擇看電影還是讀原著談?wù)効捶?。作者在做到了要點(diǎn)齊全，內(nèi)容充實(shí)，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)法正確的同時(shí)，較好地運(yùn)用句子間的連接詞，從而使文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明，邏輯性強(qiáng)。

①第一段中，besides一詞的使用，多角度說(shuō)明人們選擇看電影的理由；

②第二段中，meanwhile一詞的使用，增強(qiáng)了語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的說(shuō)服力；

③第三段中，what’s more一詞的使用，使作者在說(shuō)明自己觀點(diǎn)時(shí)呈現(xiàn)較強(qiáng)的邏輯性和感染力。In a word用于總結(jié)前文，突出了主題。

■ 關(guān)聯(lián)詞的應(yīng)用

文章段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系可以用啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合來(lái)概括?！皢ⅰ本褪情_(kāi)頭, “承”是承接，“轉(zhuǎn)”是轉(zhuǎn)折，“合”是綜合或總結(jié)。

（1）用于“啟”的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)通常用在段落或文章的開(kāi)頭： first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to begin with, to start with, recently, now, nowadays, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, lately, currently等。例：

①Nowadays，a heated debate （discussion） about private cars is under way in China.

時(shí)下，人們正議論著關(guān)于私家車的話題。

②In the recent few years, millions of fast food restaurants have mushroomed all over China.

近幾年，中國(guó)涌現(xiàn)上百萬(wàn)快餐店。

③Currently， there is a widespread concern over increasing traffic accidents.

時(shí)下，不斷增加的交通事故已引起人們的廣泛關(guān)注。

④First of all， doing exercise every day is of the utmost importance in keeping fit.

首先，每日鍛煉對(duì)保持健康至關(guān)重要。

⑤Generally speaking， the more you practice， the more skillfully you can write in English.

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，多實(shí)踐，英語(yǔ)的寫作能力就越強(qiáng)。

（2）用于“承”的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)通常用在段落中的第一個(gè)擴(kuò)展句中： second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt等。例：

①The answer to this problem involves many factors. First, . . . Next, . . . Last, . . .

解決問(wèn)題的方法涉及兩方面，首先，……其次，……最后，……

②The following factors account for the problem. On the one hand, . . . On the other hand, . . .

以下原因?qū)е铝诉@一問(wèn)題， 一方面， ……另一方面，……

③As a matter of fact, it is health rather than wealth that counts.

事實(shí)上，健康才是最重要。

④What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.

更嚴(yán)重的是，我們不珍惜野生動(dòng)物。

⑤In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.

此外，我們不應(yīng)忽視每個(gè)人都想要一個(gè)溫馨祥和的社會(huì)。

（3）用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)通常用在段落中的第二個(gè)擴(kuò)展句中： but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate（無(wú)論如何）, nevertheless（雖然如此）, otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of ..., yet, instead等。例：

①However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts.

這一想法卻受到越來(lái)越多的專家質(zhì)疑。

②But just as a coin has two sides, tourism inevitably has its disadvantages.

凡事都有兩方面，旅游不可避免地有其缺陷。

③Parents complain their children are behaving unreasonably while the children declare their parents to be old-fashioned.

父母抱怨孩子行為不端，孩子則認(rèn)為父母太落伍。

④In spite of these changes, the liberation of women has not been completed realized.

盡管有些變化，婦女解放仍未完全實(shí)現(xiàn)。

⑤On the other hand, some examinations fail to measure how the students have really studied.

相反，有些考試卻難以真正衡量學(xué)生學(xué)識(shí)。

（4）用于“合”的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)通常用在段落的結(jié)論句或文章的結(jié)論段中：in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all, eventually, hence, in sum（總之）, on the whole（就整體而言）, to sum up等。例：

①Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.

最后，但并非最不重要，教育上的缺失是助長(zhǎng)青少年犯罪的原因。

②For these reasons, we can conclude that receiving college education is wise.

基于這些原因，我們可以得出結(jié)論：接受大學(xué)教育是明智的。

③Therefore，it takes longer time and more energy to communicate in written English than in oral English.

因此，書面語(yǔ)交流比口語(yǔ)需要更多時(shí)間和精力。

④In short， environmental pollution is the major problem to be solved to make our world a better place in which to live.

總之，要想生活安逸，必須解決環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。

⑤From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通過(guò)以上討論，我們可以得出結(jié)論：自行車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于缺點(diǎn)，并且在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)它仍將發(fā)揮重要作用。